Detection of invasive fungal pathogens by real-time PCR and high-resolution melting analysis.

BACKGROUND/AIM Causative agents most frequently encountered in systemic infections are bacteria, although fungi that cause invasive infections have also emerged, mostly in immune-compromised patients. The early detection and adequate treatment of bloodstream infections are critical for successful treatment. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and efficient method for the detection and differentiation of the most common fungal pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Real-time Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and consecutive high-resolution melting analysis was used for the detection and differentiation of fungal pathogens. RESULTS The developed analysis procedure proved appropriate for discrimination of the ten most relevant Candida species, four Aspergillus species, and Cryptococcus neoformans. The sensitivity of the PCR reaction was 5, which is suitable for the detection of these fungi in blood. CONCLUSION This technique is not adaptable as a general identification method, but it is highly useful when certain fungal species are to be expected in clinical samples.